Documents relating to the acquisition of the Codex Sinaiticus by Russia
(The Archive of Foreign Policy of the Russian Empire, AVPRI; the Russian State History Archives, RGIA)
Letter of Mt Sinai Community Council to Russian Vice-Consul in Egypt A.N. Nikolaev,
dated 28 June /Old style/ 1868
[fol. 47r] Τὴν
ὑμ. περιφίλητον
Ἐκλαμπρότητα,
Κύριε Νικολάϊεφ,
Διευθυντά
τοῦ Γενικοῦ
ἐν Αἰγύπτῳ
Προξενείου
τοῦ Μεγαλειοτάτου
καί τρισεβάστου
Αὐτοκράτορος
πασῶν τῶν
Ῥωσσιῶν Ἀλεξάνδρου
Β´, ἐκ μέσης
ψυχῆς καί
καρδίας εὐχόμεθα. Μετ᾽ἄκρας θλίψεως
ἡ Ἱερὰ
τῶν πατέρων
Σύναξις καί ἁπαξάπασα
ἡ Σιναϊτική
ἀδελφότης
ἐπληροφορήθη
ἀρτίως, ὅτι ὁ πρώην Ἀρχιεπίσκοπος
ἡμῶν Κύριλλος
ὁ τρομερὸς
ἐκεῖνος τῆς Ἱερᾶς
καὶ περικλεοῦς
ἡμῶν Μονῆς
φθορεύς, διαδίδει, ὅτι δῆθεν
ἡ Σιναϊτικὴ
ἀδελφότης
μιᾷ ψυχῇ
ἤρθη κατ᾽αὐτοῦ καὶ
κατεδίωξεν
αὐτὸν, ἐπὶ
τῷ λόγῳ,
ὅτι αὐτὸς
οὗτος ἐδωρήσατο
τὸ ἀρχαῖον
τῶν Εὐαγγελίων
χειρόγραφον
τῷ Μεγαλειοτάτῳ
Αὐτοκράτορι
πασῶν τῶν
Ῥωσσιῶν καί προστάτῃ
τῆς Ὀρθοδοξίας,
καὶ ὅτι
δῆθεν ἡμεῖς
σκοπὸν ἔχομεν, ὅπως
ἐπαναζητήσωμεν
τὸ μνησθὲν
χειρόγραφον,
βασιζόμενοι
ἐπὶ τοῦ
ἐγγυητηρίου
τῆς Αὐτοκρατορικῆς
ἐν Κωνσταντινουπόλει
Πρεσβείας,
διευθυνομένης
τότε ὑπὸ
τοῦ Πρίγκηπος
Λαβάνωφ. Καθῆκον ἑπομένως ἡμῶν ἱερόν
θεωροῦμεν,
ὅπως διαφωτίσωμεν
τὴν τε
ὑμ. Ἐκλαμπρότητα
καὶ δι᾽Αὐτῆς τὴν
Αὐτοκρ. Πρεσβείαν καὶ πᾶσαν
ὑψηλοτέραν
ἀρχήν, λέγοντες,
ὅτι τὰ
τοιαῦτα θρυλλούμενα
οὐδὲν ἄλλο
εἰσιν ἤ
ἀποκυήματα
ἀνθρώπου συκοφάντου,
ὅστις, παραμορφῶν
τὴν ἀλήθειαν,
ἐνόμιζεν, ὅτι δύναται
βλάψαι τήν ταλαίπωρον
ἡμῶν Μονὴν,
τοσαῦτα παρ᾽αὐτοῦ
παθοῦσαν. Καὶ ἐξηγοῦμεν
τά τῆς
ὑποθέσεως.
Πρό τινων
ἐτῶν ἀφίκετο
εἰς Σίναιον
ὁ Κωνσταντίνος
Τίσενδορφ,
φέρων καὶ
ἔγγραφον συστατικὸν
πρὸς τοὺς
Πατέρας τοῦ τότε
Πρέσβεως Πρίγκηπος Λαβάνωφ, δι᾽οὗ ὁ τελευταῖος
οὗτος παρεκάλει
ἡμᾶς, ὅπως
χορηγήσωμεν
πρὸς ἀντιγραφὴν
τὸ μνησθὲν
ἀρχαῖον τῆς Καινῆς
Διαθήκης χειρόγραφον,
ἐγγυώμενος,
ὅτι μετὰ
τὴν ἀντιγραφὴν
τὸ χειρόγραφον
ἐπιστραφήσεται.
Ἡμεῖς, ὑπ᾽ὄψιν λαβόντες
τὴν σύστασιν,
ἐχορηγήσαμεν
ἐκεῖνο πρὸς ἀντιγραφήν·
εἶτα δέ
σκεφθέντες,
ὅτι τό
Σινᾶ οὐδὲν
ἄλλο πολυτιμότερον
ἔχει δωρῆσαι
τῷ Μεγαλειοτάτῳ
Αὐτοκράτορι
καί προστάτῃ
τῆς Ὀρθοδοξίας
καὶ ἡμῶν
ἰδίᾳ ἢ
τὸ χειρόγραφον
ἐκεῖνο, καὶ ἐπιθυμοῦντες,
ὅπως δείξωμεν
τὴν ἄπειραν
[fol. 47v] ἡμῶν
εὐγνωμοσύνην
καὶ ἀφοσίωσιν
πρός τήν
Α. θεοφρούρητον
Μεγαλειότητα,
τὸν κραταιὸν
Αὐτοκράτορα
Ἀλέξανδρον
Β-ον, δι᾽ὅσας εὐεργεσίας
καὶ προστασίαν
αεἰνάως δαψιλέυει τῷ Σινᾷ
καὶ ἡμῖν,
διὰ πράξεως
ἡμῶν ἐπισήμου,
καταχωρηθείσης
ἐν τῷ
Ἱερῷ τῆς
Μονῆς Κώδηκι
καί ἧς
ἀντίγραφον
ἀπαράλλακτον
ἐπισυνάπτομεν
ᾧδε μετὰ
τῆς ἐγγυήσεως
τοῦ Πρίγκηπος
Λαβάνωφ, ἀπεφασίσαμεν,
ὅπως δωρήσωμεν
τοῦτο τῇ
Α. θεοσκέπτῳ
Μεγαλειότητι.
Τοῦ δ᾽ὅπερ καὶ
ἐγένετο. Ἡμεῖς λοιπὸν
ἐσμὲν οἱ
δωρηταί καὶ οὐχὶ
ὁ πρώην
Ἀρχιεπίσκοπος
Κύριλλος, ὅστις οὐδὲν
δικαίωμα τοῦ δωρεῖν
ἔχει, ἔστω
καὶ τὸ
ἐλάχιστον
πρᾶγμα τῆς Μονῆς.
Ἐκ τούτων
καταφαίνεται,
Κύριε Διευθυντά,
ἡ ἁγνὴ
ἀλήθεια, πᾶν δ᾽ἕτερόν ἐστι
ψεῦδος διαδιδόμενον
ἐπίτηδες πρὸς βλάβην
τοῦ Σινᾶ
καί ἡμῶν,
οἵτινες οὐδέποτε διενοήθημεν,
ὅπως ἀνακαλέσωμεν
δωρεὰν οἰκείᾳ βουλήσει
καὶ προαιρέσει
παρ᾽ἡμῶν
γενομένην.
Τὴν ἐπιστολὴν
ἡμῶν ταύτην,
παρακαλοῦμεν,
ὅπως διαβιβάσητε
καὶ πρὸς
τὴν Α.Ἐξοχότητα,
τὸν στρατηγὸν
Ἰγνατιὲφ καί ὅπου
δεῖ, καί
γνωσθῇ ἡ ἀλήθεια
τοῦ πράγματος.
Ἐσμὲν δέ
βέβαιοι, ὅτι ἡ ῥᾳδιουργία
εὐχερῶς κατανοηθήσεται,
καί πεποίθαμεν,
ὅτι καί
ἡ Α. Ἐξοχότης
ὁ στρατηγὸς
Ἰγνατιέφ, πεισθήσεται
τέλος περί
τοῦ δικαίου
ἡμῶν καί
τῆς Μονῆς,
καί διατάξει,
ὡς ἐμπρέπει
τῷ κλεινῷ
ἀντιπροσώπῳ
τῆς ἁγίας
Ῥωσσίας, ὅπως δοθῶσιν
ἡμῖν τὰ
κατασχεθέντα
ὑπὸ τοῦ
πρώην Ἁγίου
Σιναίου χρήματα, ἅμα δὲ
ἐνεργήσει
πρός ταχυτέραν
ἐνταῦθα ἔλευσιν τοῦ Σεβασμιωτάτου
ἡμῶν ἀρχιεπισκόπου
Κύρ. Καλλιστράτου,
τοῦ κανονικοῦ
καί γνησίου
ἡμῶν τούτου
Ποιμενάρχου,
φαινόμενος
οὕτω μέγας
εὐεργέτης
καθιδρύματος
τοσοῦτον σεβασμίου καθ᾽ἅπασαν
τὴν Ὀρθοδοξίαν,
τοῦ μέντοι
τά ἔσχατα
παθόντος καί τῶν
ἀ [fol. 48r]
πολύτως
ἀναγκαίων
στερουμένου.
Ἐπί ταῖς
χρησταῖς
ταύταις ἐλπίσιν,
ὅτι ἡ ἀείποτε
προστάτις τῆς
Ὀρθοδοξίας ἁγία
Ῥωσσία οὐκ
ἐγκαταλείψει
σκήνωμα
τοσοῦτον
εὐκλεές, καί
ὅπερ τυγχάνει
ἡ μόνη τοῦ
ζῶντος Θεοῦ
πόλις ἐν
βαθείᾳ ἐρήμῳ,
ὅπως γένηται
παρανάλωμα
ἀπωλείας
διηνεκοῦς, ἀλλ᾽ἀπ᾽ἐναντίας
τενεῖ αὐτῷ
ἀρωγὸν καὶ
σώτειραν
χεῖρα, περαίνομεν
τὴν παροῦσαν
ἡμῶν, δεόμενοι
τοῦ Θεοῦ, ὅπως
διατηρῇ τὴν ὑμ.
Ἐκλαμπρότητα
ἐν ὑγείᾳ
διηνεκεῖ,
χορηγοῦσα
αὐτῇ καί πᾶν
τό ἐφετόν καί
καταθύμιον. Ἐν
τῷ κατὰ Κάϊρον
Σιναϊτικῷ τῆς
Τζουβανίας
Καθιδρύματι· |
To Your Highness, good Mr. Nikolaev, Governor of the Great and Most Respected Russian Emperor's Consulate General in Egypt, we give most heartfelt blessings. With deep regret the holy council and the whole of Mt Sinai community hear these days of our former Archbishop Cyril, horrible wrecker of our holy and glorious community, maintaining that Mt Sinai brethren unanimously rose to exile him for donating the ancient Gospel manuscript to the Great Sovereign of All Russia and Defender of the Orthodox Church, and allegedly wished to vindicate the said manuscript under the letter of guarantee from Imperial Mission in Constantinople then led by Prince Lobanov. We therefore deem it our duty to explain to Your Highness, and through Your Highness to the Imperial Mission and all authorities, that the rumors are nothing but invention of a slanderer seeking, by distorting the truth, to wreck our unfortunate community so long victimized by him, and explain the matter. Constantine Tischendorf came on Mt Sinai some years ago with a letter of introduction from the then envoy Prince Lobanov asking to lend the said ancient New Testament manuscript for copying and warranting subsequent recovery. On discussing the letter, we lent the manuscript for copying. Then, considering that the manuscript would be the most precious gift that Mt Sinai could offer to the Great Sovereign and Defender of the Orthodox Church, and wishing to express our gratitude and devotion to His Majesty Protected by God, Mighty Emperor Alexander II, continuously rendering plentiful benefaction and protection to us and Mt Sinai Community, we decreed, by formal act registered in Community's Sacred Book [of Acts] the exact copy of which we enclose here together with Prince Lobanov's letter, to donate [the manuscript] to His Majesty protected by God. And that was accomplished. We therefore are the donators and not the former Archbishop Cyril who is not entitled to give away even the smallest of Community possessions. Hence, Mr. Governor, clearly follows the pure truth and the rest is falsehood distributed to damage Mt Sinai Community and ourselves who never thought of vindicating the gift granted on our own free will. Please forward the letter to His Excellency General Ignatyev, and to the proper quarter, so that the truth is known. We are certain that the intrigues will be foiled and that His Excellency General Ignatyev will be finally convinced in the righteousness of our Community and direct, as the glorious representative of the Holy Russia, to repay the monies seized by the former Archbishop of Mt Sinai, and assist to a speedier ordination of Archbishop elect Callistratus, our lawful and true pastor, as the great benefactor of our community hallowed around the Orthodox world though utterly distressed and deprived of every necessity. Cherishing good hope that the Holy Russia always protecting the Orthodox Church will not abandon this renowned community, the only city of Living God in boundless wilderness, but lend us a helping and saving hand, we end this [letter] by praying that God may always protect Your Highness in good health, granting everything desirable and good. Mt Sinai House in Cairo Djuvania, 28 June 1869. Praying ardently for Your Highness, Mt Sinai Council: |